10.36172/EKONOMISTI.2023.XIX.02.VLADIMER.BASARIA

Expanded Summary

The need to research and analyze the globalization of international economic relations, the influence of the world's economic relations on geopolitical processes, the organization and functioning of the global system of economic management led to the emergence of a new science - geoeconomics. Despite the diversity of content definitions of this new science, one thing can be said for sure - geoeconomics is a powerful tool of modern state policy. The essence of the geo-economic approach is that the discussion of the national economy is valid from the world economic position - the national economy in the modern era should be considered as a part of the world economy that coexists with other parts. This means that the analysis of the development of an individual country cannot be complete and reliable without analyzing the development of the global system. It is for this reason that the geoeconomics approach is given special importance in setting and solving the strategic and tactical tasks of the state. The ability of the state to deal with financial and economic crises or threats of involvement in international geoeconomic conflicts, with open or covert geoeconomic wars (its elements) or to avoid the risks of damaging sanctions, etc. - largely depends on the effectiveness of geoeconomic analysis. Carrying out serious studies determining the competitiveness of the national economy without taking into account the international division of labor is practically impossible today - it is necessary to take into account the reality, according to which in our era, the competition does not take place between countries so much as between the transnational reproduction systems that include global financial monopolies, the largest international production companies, supranational bodies of geopolitical and economic regulation.

The geopolitical situation of the state has a significant influence on the economic opportunities of transnational corporations, and the level of economic and technological development of corporations is affected by the geopolitical situation of the state. Therefore, on the one hand, the role of geoeconomic science at the level of transnational corporations lies in providing favorable conditions for the sustainable socio-economic development of these entities, but on the other hand, taking into account that the imported capital can cause serious damage to the national security of the country (uncontrolled transfer of capital is extremely dangerous for the national currency; with the use of transnational capital, it is possible to put pressure on local companies and even force a change in the country's production specialization),the activities of transnational companies should be carried out under the special supervision of the state, and as soon as a threat to national security appears, appropriate legal and economic instruments should be implemented against them.

Transnational corporations (and sectors of the economy as a whole) have a different influence on the geopolitics of the state, therefore, their role and importance are quite difficult to assess and are valid only from a geoeconomics point of view (along with the contribution made to the formation of the GDP, the influence of such corporations on the geopolitical situation of the state and its stability should always be taken into account). Moreover, the process of integration requires attention to ensure national security because, unfortunately, the economic relations of the world are far from depoliticization, unwavering observance of uniform civilized rules of the game, or even from adherence to the principles of the concept of international economic security recognized and declared by the world community itself.

Fulfillment of the country's geoeconomic tasks depends on government bureaucracy; on economic diplomacy; on the armed forces and special services; on the ability to mobilize national resources scattered around the world.

In order to ensure national security, it is extremely important for Georgia to form a proper geoeconomic strategy. The country should use its geoeconomic advantages to the maximum advantage, optimally and efficiently realize such geoeconomic opportunities that lead to increasing competitiveness, such as: the potential of labor, natural, economic (production, institutional, financial, infrastructural, innovation) resources, means of using geopolitical conditions (geographical position and transit function, historically established trade-economic relations with bordering or other economic partner countries, coexistence of vectors of political and economic development of the country and means of diversification).

Keywords: national security; geoeconomics; geopolitics; globalization; concept of international economic security; Transnational corporations